What to Expect During an Arraignment

For anyone charged with a crime, the arraignment is often the first official appearance in court—and for many, it’s also the most nerve-wracking. This stage marks the formal beginning of the criminal case and sets the tone for everything that follows. Understanding what happens during an arraignment can ease anxiety and help you make the right decisions early on. A Massachusetts criminal defense lawyer can guide you through the process, protect your rights, and ensure that your case starts off on the right foot.

What Is an Arraignment?

An arraignment is a court hearing where the criminal charges are formally read to the defendant. It’s not a trial and no evidence is presented yet—it’s simply the point at which the court officially notifies you of what you’re being accused of.

The main purposes of an arraignment are to:

Inform you of the specific charges filed against you.

Advise you of your constitutional rights.

Allow you to enter a plea (usually “not guilty”).

Decide on bail or other release conditions.

At this stage, the prosecution and defense begin setting the procedural groundwork for the case.

Before the Hearing

Before entering the courtroom, you’ll check in with court staff and may meet briefly with your attorney. Your massachusetts criminal defense lawyer will review the complaint or police report, explain the likely sequence of events, and prepare you to speak only when necessary.

If you were arrested and released on bail or a summons, you’ll need to appear at the date and time listed. Failing to appear can result in a warrant for your arrest and additional penalties.

What Happens Inside the Courtroom

Once your case is called, you’ll stand before the judge with your attorney. The judge will read or summarize the charges, and the clerk will record your response. Your lawyer will usually enter a plea of “not guilty” on your behalf, even if you’re considering other options later. This preserves your right to review the evidence and prepare a full defense.

After the plea is entered, the judge may address several key issues:

Bail or release conditions: The judge decides whether you’ll remain in custody, be released on personal recognizance, or have to post bail. Your lawyer will argue for the least restrictive option possible.

Scheduling: The court sets dates for future hearings, such as pre-trial conferences or motion hearings.

Protective or no-contact orders: In certain cases—especially those involving alleged violence—the judge may issue orders limiting contact between you and the alleged victim.

The hearing typically lasts only a few minutes, but what happens in those moments can significantly impact your case.

After the Arraignment

Once the arraignment ends, the legal process formally begins. The prosecution will provide “discovery,” meaning copies of police reports, witness statements, and other evidence. Your attorney will review everything to identify weaknesses in the state’s case and plan your defense strategy.

You’ll also receive a schedule for your next court appearance. It’s crucial to follow any conditions of release—such as travel restrictions, reporting requirements, or stay-away orders—until your case is resolved.

How a Defense Lawyer Helps

An arraignment might seem procedural, but it’s also a critical opportunity for early legal advocacy. A defense lawyer can:

Request your release on personal recognizance or minimal bail.

Ensure that charges are properly filed and not overstated.

Explain each step in plain language so you know what to expect next.

Begin negotiations with the prosecution if a plea deal or diversion program might be appropriate.

If you appear without representation, you may feel pressured or unsure about what to say. Having a lawyer ensures that your rights are protected from the very start.

Final Thoughts

The arraignment is your official introduction to the court system—but it’s also your first chance to take control of your defense. Knowing what to expect helps you stay calm, make informed decisions, and avoid mistakes that could complicate your case. With an experienced criminal defense lawyer by your side, you can move through this stage with confidence and start building a strong foundation for the road ahead.